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What is the return-to-duty (RTD) process?
Last Updated: 09/25/2026
After a DOT drug or alcohol violation, an employee may not perform safety-sensitive functions for any DOT employer until completing the return-to-duty process (49 CFR 40.305):
- Evaluation by a SAP.
- The education and/or treatment the SAP recommends.
- A follow-up evaluation in which the SAP confirms compliance.
- A negative return-to-duty test (directly observed for drugs; below 0.02 for alcohol).
- Follow-up testing as set by the SAP.
The employer decides whether to return the employee to duty; completing the process makes the employee eligible but does not guarantee the job. For CDL drivers, each step is also reported to the Clearinghouse.
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